270 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
270 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# Installing on Linux using OTP releases
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## Pre-requisites
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* A machine running Linux with GNU (e.g. Debian, Ubuntu) or musl (e.g. Alpine) libc and `x86_64`, `aarch64` or `armv7l` CPU, you have root access to. If you are not sure if it's compatible see [Detecting flavour section](#detecting-flavour) below
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* A (sub)domain pointed to the machine
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You will be running commands as root. If you aren't root already, please elevate your priviledges by executing `sudo su`/`su`.
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While in theory OTP releases are possbile to install on any compatible machine, for the sake of simplicity this guide focuses only on Debian/Ubuntu/Alpine.
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### Detecting flavour
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Paste the following into the shell:
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```sh
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arch="$(uname -m)";if [ "$arch" = "x86_64" ];then arch="amd64";elif [ "$arch" = "armv7l" ];then arch="arm";elif [ "$arch" = "aarch64" ];then arch="arm64";else echo "Unsupported arch: $arch">&2;fi;if getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION>/dev/null;then libc_postfix="";elif [ "$(ldd 2>&1|head -c 9)" = "musl libc" ];then libc_postfix="-musl";elif [ "$(find /lib/libc.musl*|wc -l)" ];then libc_postfix="-musl";else echo "Unsupported libc">&2;fi;echo "$arch$libc_postfix"
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```
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If your platform is supported the output will contain the flavour string, you will need it later. If not, this just means that we don't build releases for your platform, you can still try installing from source.
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### Installing the required packages
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Other than things bundled in the OTP release Pleroma depends on:
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* curl (to download the release build)
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* unzip (needed to unpack release builds)
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* ncurses (ERTS won't run without it)
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* PostgreSQL (also utilizes extensions in postgresql-contrib)
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* nginx (could be swapped with another reverse proxy but this guide covers only it)
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* certbot (for Let's Encrypt certificates, could be swapped with another ACME client, but this guide covers only it)
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Debian/Ubuntu:
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```sh
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apt install curl unzip libncurses5 postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
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```
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Alpine:
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```sh
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echo "http://nl.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/community" >> /etc/apk/repositories
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apk update
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apk add curl unzip ncurses postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
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```
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## Setup
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### Configuring PostgreSQL
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#### (Optional) Installing RUM indexes
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RUM indexes are an alternative indexing scheme that is not included in PostgreSQL by default. You can read more about them on the [Configuration page](config.html#rum-indexing-for-full-text-search). They are completely optional and most of the time are not worth it, especially if you are running a single user instance (unless you absolutely need ordered search results).
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Debian/Ubuntu (available only on Buster/19.04):
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```sh
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apt install postgresql-11-rum
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```
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Alpine:
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```sh
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apk add git build-base postgresql-dev
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git clone https://github.com/postgrespro/rum /tmp/rum
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cd /tmp/rum
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make USE_PGXS=1
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make USE_PGXS=1 install
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cd
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rm -r /tmp/rum
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```
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#### (Optional) Performance configuration
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For optimal performance, you may use [PGTune](https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua), don't forget to restart postgresql after editing the configuration
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Debian/Ubuntu:
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```sh
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systemctl restart postgresql
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```
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Alpine:
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```sh
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rc-service postgresql restart
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```
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### Installing Pleroma
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```sh
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# Create the Pleroma user
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adduser --system --shell /bin/false --home /opt/pleroma pleroma
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# Set the flavour environment variable to the string you got in Detecting flavour section.
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# For example if the flavour is `arm64-musl` the command will be
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export FLAVOUR="arm64-musl"
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# Clone the release build into a temporary directory and unpack it
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "
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curl 'https://git.pleroma.social/api/v4/projects/2/jobs/artifacts/stable/download?job=$FLAVOUR' -o /tmp/pleroma.zip
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unzip /tmp/pleroma.zip -d /tmp/
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"
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# Move the release to the home directory and delete temporary files
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "
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mv /tmp/release/* /opt/pleroma
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rmdir /tmp/release
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rm /tmp/pleroma.zip
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"
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# Create uploads directory and set proper permissions (skip if planning to use a remote uploader)
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# Note: It does not have to be `/var/lib/pleroma/uploads`, the config generator will ask about the upload directory later
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mkdir -p /var/lib/pleroma/uploads
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chown -R pleroma /var/lib/pleroma
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# Create custom public files directory (custom emojis, frontend bundle overrides, robots.txt, etc.)
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# Note: It does not have to be `/var/lib/pleroma/static`, the config generator will ask about the custom public files directory later
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mkdir -p /var/lib/pleroma/static
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chown -R pleroma /var/lib/pleroma
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# Create a config directory
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mkdir -p /etc/pleroma
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chown -R pleroma /etc/pleroma
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# Run the config generator
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl instance gen --output /etc/pleroma/config.exs --output-psql /tmp/setup_db.psql"
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# Create the postgres database
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su postgres -s $SHELL -lc "psql -f /tmp/setup_db.psql"
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# Create the database schema
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl migrate"
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# If you have installed RUM indexes uncommend and run
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# su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl migrate --migrations-path priv/repo/optional_migrations/rum_indexing/"
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# Start the instance to verify that everything is working as expected
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma daemon"
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# Wait for about 20 seconds and query the instance endpoint, if it shows your uri, name and email correctly, you are configured correctly
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sleep 20 && curl http://localhost:4000/api/v1/instance
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# Stop the instance
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma stop"
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```
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### Setting up nginx and getting Let's Encrypt SSL certificaties
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```sh
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# Get a Let's Encrypt certificate
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certbot certonly --standalone --preferred-challenges http -d yourinstance.tld
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# Copy the Pleroma nginx configuration to the nginx folder
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# The location of nginx configs is dependent on the distro
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# For Debian/Ubuntu:
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cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx
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ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/pleroma.nginx
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# For Alpine:
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cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
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# If your distro does not have either of those you can append
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# `include /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf` to the end of the http section in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and
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cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf
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# Edit the nginx config replacing example.tld with your (sub)domain
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$EDITOR path-to-nginx-config
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# Verify that the config is valid
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nginx -t
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# Start nginx
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# For Debian/Ubuntu:
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systemctl start nginx
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# For Alpine:
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rc-service nginx start
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```
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At this point if you open your (sub)domain in a browser you should see a 502 error, that's because pleroma is not started yet.
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### Setting up a system service
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Debian/Ubuntu:
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```sh
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# Copy the service into a proper directory
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cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
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# Start pleroma and enable it on boot
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systemctl start pleroma
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systemctl enable pleroma
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```
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Alpine:
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```sh
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# Copy the service into a proper directory
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cp /opt/pleroma/installation/init.d/pleroma /etc/init.d/pleroma
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# Start pleroma and enable it on boot
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rc-service pleroma start
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rc-update add pleroma
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```
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If everything worked, you should see Pleroma-FE when visiting your domain. If that didn't happen, try reviewing the installation steps, starting Pleroma in the foreground and seeing if there are any errrors.
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Still doesn't work? Feel free to contact us on [#pleroma on freenode](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=%23pleroma) or via matrix at <https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org>, you can also [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/issues/new)
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## Post installation
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### Setting up auto-renew Let's Encrypt certificate
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```sh
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# Create the directory for webroot challenges
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mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt
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# Uncomment the webroot method
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$EDITOR path-to-nginx-config
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# Verify that the config is valid
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nginx -t
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```
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Debian/Ubuntu:
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```sh
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# Restart nginx
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systemctl restart nginx
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# Ensure the webroot menthod and post hook is working
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certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --dry-run --post-hook 'systemctl nginx reload'
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# Add it to the daily cron
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echo '#!/bin/sh
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certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --post-hook "systemctl reload nginx"
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' > /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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chmod +x /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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# If everything worked the output should contain /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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run-parts --test /etc/cron.daily
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```
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Alpine:
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```sh
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# Restart nginx
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rc-service nginx restart
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# Start the cron daemon and make it start on boot
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rc-service crond start
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rc-update add crond
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# Ensure the webroot menthod and post hook is working
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certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --dry-run --post-hook 'rc-service nginx reload'
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# Add it to the daily cron
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echo '#!/bin/sh
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certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --post-hook "rc-service nginx reload"
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' > /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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chmod +x /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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# If everything worked this should output /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
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run-parts --test /etc/periodic/daily
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```
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### Running mix tasks
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Throughout the wiki and guides there is a lot of references to mix tasks. Since `mix` is a build tool, you can't just call `mix pleroma.task`, instead you should call `pleroma_ctl` stripping pleroma/ecto namespace.
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So for example, if the task is `mix pleroma.user set admin --admin`, you should run it like this:
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```sh
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl user set admin --admin"
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```
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## Create your first user and set as admin
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```sh
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cd /opt/pleroma/bin
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl user new joeuser joeuser@sld.tld --admin"
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```
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This will create an account withe the username of 'joeuser' with the email address of joeuser@sld.tld, and set that user's account as an admin. This will result in a link that you can paste into the browser, which logs you in and enables you to set the password.
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### Updating
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Generally, doing the following is enough:
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```sh
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# Download the new release
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl update"
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# Migrate the database, you are advised to stop the instance before doing that
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su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl migrate"
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```
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But you should **always check the release notes/changelog** in case there are config deprecations, special update steps, etc.
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## Further reading
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* [Configuration](config.html)
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* [Pleroma's base config.exs](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/blob/master/config/config.exs)
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* [Hardening your instance](hardening.html)
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* [Pleroma Clients](clients.html)
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* [Emoji pack manager](Mix.Tasks.Pleroma.Emoji.html)
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